1. The fractional part of a microsecond is 1/1,000,000. A nanosecond is 1/1,000,000,000.
2. Computers are considered to be extremely accurate devices because computers are only as accyrate as the instructions and data that humans provide them. Therefore, humans will trust their computer to be very accurate.
3. The modern computer's increased durability and reliability are from factors such as, fewer mechanical parts that can physically wear out. There are improved materials that are more resistant to wear, heat, and other elements of the external environment. The development of tiny circuit boards with mind-boggling capabilities has also enabled computers to be more durable and less sensitive to their enivironments.
4. General-purpose computers that have computation and input/output processing capabilities which make them capable of being used for almost any type of application.They were designed to perform specific, specialized tasks. We use them for digital instrumentation and ignition systems in automobiles, the monitoring and control systems of space vehicles, the functioning of home appliances, and the controls of traffic lights and assembly lines.
5. Modern computers are considered cost-effective devices because the cost and sizes have decreased, and at the same time, computer speed, capacity, reliability, durability and accuracy, versatility, and capability have increased.
6. Computers have particiapted in their own development by its use in research because of its computational, logic, and decision making capabilities. There is also the never-ending thrust for new knowledge.
7. Data should be verified both before and after being entered into the computer for accuracy. Before, it will help guard against errors in the output.
8. Thebasic functions of the information processing cycle are input , processing, and output.
9. Output allows the user to access information that is stored in the computer. Data enters the processing system, various operations are performed on the data to convert it to useful information, and then leaves the system. Computers have the ability to organize things much faster.
10. Hardware is a physical thing, therefore it is something you can touch.
Software is all informatinal, it cn be used on different hardwares. It is a program, such as windows or microsoft.
11.There are many differences between an input device, processor, storgae device, and output device. An
input device is a hardware device that enables the computer to accept data. A
processor is the hardware device that processes the data into meaningful information( disk drive). The
storage device is a hardware device that permits data storage. Lastly, is the
output device which is a hardware device that reports the information in a form we can understand( a monitor).
12. The difference between a system program and an application program is that the
system program controls the computers circuitry and hardware devices. While an,
application program instructs the computer to perform a specific, user-defined task.
13. A computer system is an input, processing, storgae, and output devices work together with system and application software programs as a whole toward the completion of a common goal or task.
14. The differences of a microcomputer, minicomputer, main frame, and special computers are as follows. A
microcomputer contains one or more microprocessors that can follow the instructions of a software program in a manner similiar to its larger minicomputer and mainframe counterparts. They are classified into two categories: pesonal computers and portable computers. A
minicomputer is a computer with less power and speed than a mainframe but that is capable of storing and processing large volumes of data. A
main frame is a large computer with more processing power and speed than a minicomputer and is capable of quickly processing very large volumes of data. It is the foundation of the computer industry from which technologic innovations stems. A
special computer is designed to perform specific, specialized tasks. Both the computation and input/output processing capabilities are such that they can be used for almost any type of application.
15. There are many differences between a personal computer and portable computer. A
personal computer is a small, desk size microcomputer designed for and used primarily in small and large businesses. They have found their way into homes, schools, government, and industryMany different input, storgae, and output devices can be conected to these computers, and coupled with its powerful processing skills. The primary difference is that
portable computers are lightweight, transportable, and have the ability to connect several input, output, and storage devices.
16.Three examples of
special purpose computers are the monitoring and control systems of space vehicles, the functioning of home appliances, and and the controls of traffic lights.
17. An
information utility service is a business that uses large computers that store huge amounts of information about many different subjects.
18. Computers can provide better service for bank customers in many ways. They use them so the customers can have a 24/7 bank teller electronically. Most people prefer the electronic to the person. Through a modem and special software, a bank customer can use his or her home computer to check account balances, transfer funds, and pay bills. Another service becoming popular is the bill-payment-by-phone service. There is also a debit card which is like a credit card but with a fixed amount on it that you can spend.
19. In your home computers can be used to shop and purchase items, or even watch animated demonstrations of products on television.
20. Computers may be used in
weather to show temperature ranges, precipitation levels, and wind flow. Computer-enhanced weather-satellite data can show the position and direction of storms and issue warnings for those in their paths. Computers can also help in the
environment by tracking the flow of oil spills and other pollutants in streams, they can predict their direction of travel and immediate action can be taken to minimize damage.
21.Computers have affected transportation in countless ways. Now rapid-transit trains can be operated with no crew members. Many aircraft can fly under the control of the computer. They can spark and fuel control in cars. The activation of air bags is another computer contribution.
22. Computers have contribited to improve community services. Firefighting and the saving of lives are aided by computers. Computerized mapping systems can quickly point out the location of a problem and identify the EMS closest to the scene. Computers can help decide where equipment and personnel should be placed to ensure the quickest response time.
23. Computers improve the quality of life for those who are ill or injured. For example, sensors (devices that detect changes) can be attached to patients to tell when there is a change in temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, or other vital signs. They can replicate the workings of specific internal organs of a patient. Computer-controlled pumps can be used to inject drugs into the bloodstream.
24. The adavantages to humans of having computers perform routine tasks are while the computer is doing these tasks the employee is free to do other important things. Office jobs that require the same calculations to be repeated frequently is an example of when the computer can be put to good use. They are also used to handle hazardous materials and perform tasks that are dangerous to humans.
25. Six uses of computers in our society or just everyday living are
1.Helping students do research for school projects.
2.Helping people find instructions to a certain destination.
3.People can choose where they want go on vacation to.
4.They can advertise their business.
5.If your sick you can research cures for it instead of having to go to the doctors.(wring worm, or appendix)
6.You can research your school.
